How To Light Your Plant Optimally
Optimal plant lighting means that your plants receive the right kind of light (PAR), with the right
intensity (PPFD), for the right duration (photoperiod), and the right amount (DLI) of it. Ideally, you
provide all of these factors at an optimal level where it’s not too much and not too little. Doing so
allows your plants to grow tall and healthy whilst also using just the amount of electricity needed, and
not more.
Photosynthetically Active Radiation (PAR)
Plants use and perceive light differently than humans. In order to provide the light your plants use
for photosynthesis, your light should provide photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) i.e. light
with wavelengths between 400 nm (blue light) and 700 nm (red light).
Photosynthetic Photon Flux Density (PPFD)
PAR intensity, or how much usable light reaches the plant's leaves, is measured as photosynthetic
photon flux density (PPFD) in the unit of μmol/m²/s i.e. light per area per second.
This means that PPFD specifically measures the light available to plants for photosynthesis and
thus, impacts their growth.
Don't measure lux or foot candles as those are units to measure light for humans, and not for
plants.
Photoperiod
Most plants are photoperiodic, meaning that they require a cycle of light and dark periods during a
day. The photoperiod describes the duration of light within a 24 hour window. If you run your lights
on a timer, set its "on" cycle to the desired photoperiod.
Daily Light Integral (DLI)
The one measure to express the total amount of light is called the daily light integral (DLI). The
DLI combines light intensity (PPFD) with the lighting duration (photoperiod) over a 24 hour window
and is measured in the unit of mol/m²/d i.e. light per area per day. Ultimately, providing the
right DLI level for your plant is what you must do for optimal plant lighting.
How To Adjust Your Light
Many plants require a lot of light to really thrive (the sun really is powerful) and if you
find your measurements to be lower than recommended, you certainly aren't alone.
This section contains tips and recommendations to increase the amount of light for your plants.
Tuning Your Current Lighting
If you're alreay using artificial lighting, it is highly recommended to use it with a timer. To
provide a higher DLI with a given light intensity, you can adjust the timer to the maximum
recommended photoperiod.
Another possibility is to supplement your artificial lighting with natural daylight i.e. by placing
your plants close to a window.
Upgrading To LED Plant Grow Lights
If you're really serious about providing more light for your plants, LED grow lights are the way to
go. LED plant grow lights are very energy efficient and provide just the right light (remember: PAR)
that plants need. They come in various shapes and sizes
picking a one-size-fits-all can't be done. We tested many of them and recommend the following:
Recommended Products
For High Power Needs: ViparSpectra KS Series
The ViparSpectra KS series grow lights provide all the power that you'll need usually
reserved to more expensive grow lights.
They pack an incredibla amount of LED chips into a widely used spider- or bar type design
that fits perfectly intro grow tents or vertical grow shelves.
Pro
- Optimized plant light spectrum
- High energy efficiency
- Available in many different sizes
- Dimmable to match desired light intensity
Con
- Too bulky for living spaces
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For Kitchen Gardens: HLG Quantum Board
The Horticulture Lighting Group (HLG) Quantum Board is a great small but medium power LED
light that is sufficient to grow many types of fruits and vegetables with artificial
lighting.
The quantum board design became very popular due to its ease of use and high efficiency that
fits in many spaces.
Pro
- Optimized plant light spectrum
- High energy efficiency
- Can be mounted in many ways
Con
- Non-dimmable, only one light intensity setting
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For Houseplants: Soltech Solutions Aspect
The Soltech Solutions Aspect light strikes the perfect balance between plant grow lights and
aesthetically pleasing indoor lighting. Houseplants have traditionally been limited by
environmental and architectural constraints. With the Aspect, you no longer have to settle
for low light houseplants or resort to industrial grow lights.
Pro
- Optimized plant light spectrum
- High energy efficiency
- Pleasing aesthetics
Con
- Premium price point (around $150)
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